第一次翻译，还请多多指教。 2009/12/20 转载请注明出处： www.taobaofun.com RHCE直通车 RHCE直通车
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QUESTION 1
Change the root Password to redtophat 修改root密码为redtophat
Answer and
Explanation:
1. Boot the system in Single user mode 重启进入单用户模式
2. Use the passwd command 使用passwd命令修改密码
QUESTION 2
Dig Server1.example.com, Resolve to successfully through DNS Where DNS server
is 172.24.254.254 通过172.24.254.254这台DNS服务器成功解析Server1.example.com这台服务器。
Answer and
Explanation:
#vi /etc/resolv.conf 编辑文件
nameserver 172.24.254.254 加入DNS服务器地址
# dig server1.example.com 测试
#host server1.example.com 测试
DNS is the Domain Name System, which maintains a database that can help your computer translate domain names such as www.redhat.com to IP addresses such as 216.148.218.197. As no individual DNS server is large enough to keep a database for the entire Internet, they can refer requests to other DNS servers.DNS is based on the named daemon, which is built on the BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) package developed through the Internet Software Consortium Users wants to access by name so DNS will interpret the name into ip address. You need to specify the Address if DNS server in each and every client machine. In Redhat Enterprise Linux, you need to specify the DNS server into etc/resolv.conf file. After Specifying the DNS server address, you can verify using host, dig and nslookup commands.
DNS是域名系统，它管理着一个能帮你电脑解析www.redhat.com等域名解析到IP地址216.148.218.197的数据库。因为没有一个DNS服务器能够大到可以保存这个互联网信息的数据库，所以DNS服务器能把请求发给其它DNS服务器。
DNS基于named后台进程。
DNS能将主机名转换到IP地址。你需要在每个主机和客户机指定DNS服务器地址。
在RHEL发型版，可以通过编辑/etc/resolv.conf文件。指定DNS服务器地址后，你可以通过host,dig,nslookup等工具验证。
QUESTION 3
Create the partition having 100MB size and mount it on /mnt/neo
创建一个100MB的分区然后挂载到/mnt/neo目录
Answer and
Explanation:
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda-> To create new partition.
使用fdisk /dev/hda 创建新分区，如果你是scsi或者sata硬盘，可能需要输入 fdisk /dev/sda
2. Type n-> For New partitions 输入n创建新分区
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
系统会问你创建逻辑分区还是主分区，按1创建逻辑分区。
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.
系统会问你从那个磁道开始，按回车键使用默认值。
5. Type the Size: +100M-> You can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.
输入+100M，或者你可以输入最后哪个来确定大小。
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.
输入P检查分区列表然后记住分区名字。
7. Press w to write on partitions table.
输入w写入分区
8. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
重启或者输入partprobe命令使结果生效
9. Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda? Where ? is your partition number
使用mkfs –t 或者
10. Or
11. mke2fs -j /dev/hda? To create ext3 filesystem. mke2fs –j 命令格式化成ext3分区格式
12. mkdir /mnt/neo 创建目录
13. vi /etc/fstab 编辑文件
14. Write: 写入以下语句
15. /dev/hda? /mnt/neo ext3 defaults 1 2
16. Verify by mounting on current Sessions also: 如果要使挂载在当前状态生效，可以输入以下命令
17. mount /dev/hda? /mnt/neo
QUESTION 4
Your System is going use as a router for 172.24.0.0/16 and 172.25.0.0/16. Enable the IP Forwarding.
你的系统准备使用路由来联通 172.24.0.0/16 172.25.0.0/16两个网段，使IP转发生效。
Answer and
Explanation:
1. echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 在/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward文件中写入值
2. vi /etc/sysctl.conf 编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
/proc is the virtual filesystem, containing the information about the running kernel. To change the parameter of running kernel you should modify on /proc. From Next reboot the system, kernel will take the value from /etc/sysctl.conf.
/proc是一个虚拟文件系统。我们使用/proc去修改运行中的内核属性
当系统下一次重启时，/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit 脚本从/etc/sysctl.conf文件中读取。所以要让下次重启时生效，你还需要把 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 设置到/etc/sysctl.conf文件中。
QUESTION 5
Some users home directory is shared from your system. Using showmount –e localhost command, the shared directory is not shown. Make access the shared users home directory.
一些用户在你的系统中共享了home目录。使用showmount –e localhost 命令查看，发现共享目录没有显示，设法让这些用户家目录能共享。
Answer and
Explanation:
1. Verify the File whether Shared or not ? : cat /etc/exports 检查 /etc/exports文件确认是否共享
2. Start the nfs service: service nfs start 开启nfs服务
3. Start the portmap service: service portmap start 开启portmap服务
4. Make automatically start the nfs service on next reboot: chkconfig nfs on
5. Make automatically start the portmap service on next reboot: chkconfig portmap on
使nfs和portmap开机自启动
6. Verify either sharing or not: showmount -e localhost 检查是否共享成功
7. Check that default firewall is running on system ? if running flush the iptables using iptables -F and stop the iptables service. 查看系统默认防火墙是否开启，如果开着，使用 iptables –F 清楚规则并停止防火墙 service iptables stop
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